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Delivery robotics, by the numbers.

126 sourced figures across 11 operators, plus the FAA record. Operator figures are labeled operator-reported; anything we compute is labeled Estimate and shows its formula.

  • >10,000,000

    Starship cumulative deliveries

    Operator-reported, Apr 28, 2026. Global, includes non-U.S.

  • >140,000,000

    Zipline miles flown

    Company figure relayed by press, Oct 9, 2026. Wing and Serve do not publish distance.

  • 7

    FAA Part 135 drone carriers

    Named on the FAA package delivery page.

  • 1

    NTSB investigation in the dataset

    Amazon Prime Air, Oct 1, 2025: 2 aircraft, 0 injuries.

Swipe for 3 more

Deliveries

How many deliveries

Cumulative deliveries, by operator

14 dated milestones across 6 operators, on a log scale so a 200,000 count and a 10 million count both read. Lines join published milestones; they are not daily counts. Filled marks are the operator's own figure, hollow marks are relayed by press or a secondary source.
10K100K1M10M2020202120222023202420252026Starship>10,000,000Zipline>3,000,000Servenearing 2,000,000Wing>1,000,000Coco>500,000Causey (Flytrex)>250,000
  • Starship
  • Zipline
  • Serve
  • Wing
  • Coco
  • Causey (Flytrex)
Only rows with a published date and a cumulative count are plotted. Left out: 3 delivery rows (listed in the table view). Values marked “>” are lower bounds and are plotted at the stated number.

Distance

How far they have traveled

Distance traveled, by company

Each company's newest cumulative figure. Bars share a miles axis so they can be compared; a value published in kilometers is converted, drawn hatched and marked Estimate.
050M100M150MZiplinepublished in miles, Oct 9, 2026140M+ miStarshippublished in km, May 8, 2026~14.3M mi (est.)
  • News report
  • Operator-reported
  • Estimate (converted, see table)
  • Cocomillions of miles (unquantified)
  • WingNot published
  • ServeNot published
EstimateAbout 14.3 million miles

Formula: 23,000,000 km × 0.621371 mi per km = 14,291,533 mi

Inputs: Starship, >23,000,000 km (operator-reported, May 8, 2026)

Units in the table are as published. Wing and Serve do not publish a distance figure; Coco says only “millions of miles”.

Cost

What a delivery costs

Cost per delivery: analyst model vs operator targets

McKinsey's model shows how the pilot-to-drone ratio drives cost: one pilot per drone versus one pilot watching twenty. Operator figures are targets or projections, not audited costs.
$0$4$8$12$16Analyst model, 1 pilot : 1 droneMcKinsey, Jan 2023$13.50Analyst model, 1 pilot : 20 dronesMcKinsey, Jan 2023$1.50 to $2.00Starshiplong-term target cost, Apr 28, 2026$1.00Serveexpected avg last-mile cost, Apr 2025$1.00
  • Analyst
  • Operator-reported
EstimateAbout 7.7 times cheaper per delivery at 1 pilot to 20 drones, in the analyst model

Formula: $13.50 ÷ midpoint($1.50, $2.00) = $13.50 ÷ $1.75 = 7.7×

Inputs: Industry (drone), 13.50 USD (analyst, Jan 2023); Industry (drone), 1.50-2.00 USD (analyst, Jan 2023)

Zipline and Wing do not publish a cost per delivery. Starship's “saves $3 to $4 vs rider delivery” is a saving, not a cost, and is listed in the table only.

Range and speed

What the FAA documents say vs the spec sheet

Speed: FAA documents next to marketing

Yellow squares come from FAA environmental assessments or type certification criteria. Red circles are the company's own spec sheet. For Zipline, the FAA gives a typical 47 mph and a 76 mph maximum (the yellow span); the fact sheet says 70 mph.
020406080Miles per hourWingHummingbird78.3ZiplineP2704776AmazonMK3073CocoCoco 213.0ServeGen311AvrideGen25.0Starship3.7
  • Operator-reported
  • Government record (FAA, NTSB, Federal Register)
  • Secondary source
  • Estimate (converted, see table)
Knots and km/h are converted to mph and marked Estimate. Robot figures come from operator decks or a secondary spec aggregator.

Range: FAA documents next to marketing

Measures differ by source: the FAA states a maximum operating range, Zipline a service radius and a dock-to-dock distance, Starship a typical delivery distance. Read each mark's label before comparing.
01020304050MilesServeGen348AvrideGen231.1ZiplineP21024CocoCoco 219.9AmazonMK307.5Serve2.5Industry (multicopter)2.5Starship2
  • Operator-reported
  • Government record (FAA, NTSB, Federal Register)
  • Secondary source
  • Peer-reviewed study
  • Estimate (converted, see table)
Kilometers are converted to miles and marked Estimate. Zipline's P1 (120+ mi roundtrip, non-U.S. medical) is left out of the chart and listed in the table.
Payload, weight and altitude (12 figures)

Emissions

Peer-reviewed findings vs operator claims

Lifecycle emissions vs a diesel truck

Stolaroff et al. (Nature Communications, 2018) and Carbon Brief's summary of the same study. Left of zero is lower emissions than a diesel truck; right of zero is higher.
-60%-40%-20%0%20%40%small drone <0.5 kg, CA gridStolaroff et al.-54%small drone <0.5 kg, MO gridStolaroff et al.-23%small drone, U.S. averageCarbon Brief summary of Stolaroff-37%large drone 8 kg, U.S. average+24% (worse)
  • Peer-reviewed study
  • News report
Results depend on drone size and the local power grid. These are modeled findings, not measurements of any operator's fleet.

Research

  • Industry (small drone <0.5 kg)Peer-reviewed study

    lifecycle GHG reduction vs diesel truck

    54 (CA), 23 (MO)

    percent · U.S. regional grids

    Stolaroff et al.

    nature.com(opens in a new tab)Feb 13, 2018
  • Industry (small quadcopter)Peer-reviewed study

    energy intensity, 0.5 kg package

    0.08

    MJ/km · U.S.

    Rodrigues et al., CMU, Patterns

    doi.org(opens in a new tab)Aug 2022
  • Industry (small quadcopter)Peer-reviewed study

    GHG per package, 0.5 kg

    about 70

    g CO2e/package · U.S.

    doi.org(opens in a new tab)Aug 2022

Swipe for 4 more

Operator claims

Swipe for 3 more

Funding

Funding and financials

Values as published, in the unit each source uses. Serve's figures come from its quarterly results; the rest are company announcements.

Safety

Safety timeline

  1. Oct 1, 2025

    Amazon: NTSB incidents (crane collision, Tolleson AZ)

    Government record

    2 aircraft, 0 injuries · WPR26LA001/002

    data.ntsb.gov(opens in a new tab)Reuters, Oct 2, 2025 (opens in a new tab)CNN, Oct 2, 2025 (opens in a new tab)

  2. Jul 14, 2026

    Zipline: serious injuries

    Operator-reported

    0 claimed over 135M miles · global

    zipline.com(opens in a new tab)CNBC, Jul 14, 2026 (opens in a new tab)

One NTSB investigation (two aircraft) is in the dataset, so this is a list of events, not a trend. Operator safety claims are shown in red and are not NTSB findings.

Approvals

FAA approval timeline

FAA Part 135 approvals, by carrier

Yellow squares are dates from the FAA's package delivery page. Red dashed diamonds come from FlightBrief's aggregated list and are labeled “Secondary source, pending FAA check” until matched to an FAA record.
201920202021202220232024202520262027WingDates matchApr 2019UPS Flight ForwardConsistent (FAA page gives year only)2019AmazonDates matchAug 2020ZiplineDates matchJun 2022Causey (Flytrex)Dates matchJan 2023DroneUpDates matchNov 2024DEXADates matchApr 2025DoorDash LabsSecondary only, no FAA record in the Atlas
  • Government record (FAA, NTSB, Federal Register)
  • Secondary source, pending FAA check
Month-only dates are plotted mid-month and year-only dates mid-year. DroneUp's certificate predates its early 2025 exit; DoorDash Labs' date is the company's own.

31 dated FAA approvals since 2019

Part 135 certificates and final FAA environmental decisions naming an operator, from FAA records in the Atlas. Drafts are left out.
01020304020192020202120222023202420252026BVLOS rule proposedNational programmatic EA

Swipe the chart for earlier years.

  • Part 135 certificate
  • Final environmental decision
  • Operations began (primary source)
  • Draft environmental review
Show the data behind this chart (31 rows)
DateOperatorEventKindSource
Sep 9, 2026AmazonAmazon Omaha finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Aug 18, 2026WingWing Atlanta finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Aug 13, 2026WingWing Houston finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Jun 1, 2026AmazonAmazon Florida (6 sites) finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
May 1, 2026AmazonAmazon Detroit and Kansas City finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Feb 5, 2026AmazonAmazon Texas (22 sites) finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Dec 23, 2025ZiplineZipline Dallas-Fort Worth finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
May 30, 2025WingWing Central Florida finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Apr 29, 2025WingWing Dallas-Fort Worth finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Apr 2025DEXADrone Express (DEXA) Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
Dec 23, 2024DEXADrone Express North Carolina PEA checklist (Piedmont Triad)Final environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Dec 18, 2024WingWing Charlotte PEA checklistFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Dec 10, 2024Causey (Flytrex)Causey Dallas-Fort Worth expansion finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Nov 19, 2024AmazonAmazon Tolleson, AZ finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Nov 2024DroneUpDroneUp Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
Nov 14, 2024AmeriflightAmeriflight Charlotte, NC PEA checklistFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Oct 28, 2024DroneUpDroneUp Dallas-Fort Worth finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Nov 8, 2023WingWing Dallas-Fort Worth finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Aug 9, 2023Causey (Flytrex)Causey Granbury and Rowlett, TX finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Mar 30, 2023UPS Flight ForwardUPS Flight Forward Columbus, OH finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Jan 2023Causey (Flytrex)Causey Aviation Unmanned Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
Dec 23, 2022ZiplineZipline Salt Lake City, UT finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Dec 23, 2022UPS Flight ForwardUPS Flight Forward Winston-Salem, NC finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Nov 23, 2022Causey (Flytrex)Causey North Carolina finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Nov 18, 2022UPS Flight ForwardUPS Flight Forward The Villages, FL finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Jul 14, 2022ZiplineZipline Pea Ridge, AR finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Jun 2022ZiplineZipline Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
Feb 28, 2022ZiplineZipline Kannapolis/Charlotte, NC finding of no significant impactFinal environmental decisionFAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026
Aug 2020AmazonAmazon Prime Air Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
2019UPS Flight ForwardUPS Flight Forward Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026
Apr 2019WingWing Aviation Part 135 air carrier certificatePart 135 certificateFAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026

Federal record per operator

Solid is a Part 135 certificate, hatched is a final environmental decision, outlined is a draft still awaiting a decision.
FAA Part 135 page(opens in a new tab) updated Sep 3, 2026FAA environmental review page(opens in a new tab) updated Oct 14, 2026

Every figure

All 126 figures in the dataset

deliveries26
distance traveled8
fleet4
markets9
funding7
safety2
FAA approval8
range11
speed9
payload6
altitude3
weight3
delivery time2
noise3
cost8
emissions9
partners8

Source types: Operator-reported, Government record, News report, Secondary source, Peer-reviewed study, Analyst. FlightBrief rows read “Secondary source, pending FAA check”.

Research pass verified Oct 22, 2026. How figures are sourced